Wednesday, March 31, 2010
abiotic and biotic factors in the tropical rain forest
In ecology, problem of this variety generally flange [at] type diversitas so that measurement of variety [done/conducted] seen the amount of certain type and what overflows relative a[n type in a[n community. Type variety a[n place [do] not only base on the amount of type which there are on the ground but also [at] specialty of types in it, is that endemic types for the habitat of certain area.
why is the tropical rain forest in trouble
Variety involve [is] and varietas of keragaman existing in organism live and that organism place ekosistem [of] life. Variety involve [is] usually evaluated from three different storey;level: keragaman of genetik ( in one type), keragaman of type and keragaman of habitat or ecology ( Wilson 1998; Dkk McNeely. 1990) in Mackinnon dkk ( 2000). easiest Type Keragaman to be measured, goodness in the case of properties of and also type of keunikan or its its[his]. Type Keragaman a[n place [do] not only base on the amount of type found on that place, but also [at] specialty of types in it; is that endemic types for the habitat of certain area or. Amount of life type in annoyed habitat, [is] same possible or bigger than [at] which there are in natural habitat, but its different type composition and some endemic among types him [is] possible changed by ordinary type or widespread type. As a whole this matter push the happening of degradation of keragaman involve.
According to Mackinnon K dkk ( 2000). variety mean situation differ or have various difference in the form of or nature of. Type plant variety represent the part of composition and structure of vegetasi and represent picture concerning composition and structure of vegetasi exist in forest society.
According to Mackinnon K dkk ( 2000). variety mean situation differ or have various difference in the form of or nature of. Type plant variety represent the part of composition and structure of vegetasi and represent picture concerning composition and structure of vegetasi exist in forest society.
what are the common endangered species of the tropical rain forest
Soerianegara and of Indrawan ( 2002) explaining volume as size measure of dominansi bigger specified pursuant to wide [of] elementary area, high [of] number and tree form bar ( taper). As size measure of dominansi real [of] better volume from [at] other values, because in this volume besaran besides horizontal dominansi ( wide [of] [of] breast high elementary area) also the including vertical dominansi ( coronet dominansi).
tropical rain forest weather
Variety type index.
Bratawinata ( 1998) telling type variety of vegetasi menunjukan mount stability at one particular storey;level growth of storey;level goodness plant, stake, tree and also pillar.
h. Index kemerataan of type.
According to Pielou ( 1966) in Bratawinata ( 1998) index of kemerataan ( [is] e) needed to to determine do individuals of terditribusi morely flatten [at] types which attend at one particular growth storey;level. Make an index to kemerataan of superordinate from a[n storey;level growth of its distribution menunjukan [of] individuals to types to more flatten.
Bratawinata ( 1998) telling type variety of vegetasi menunjukan mount stability at one particular storey;level growth of storey;level goodness plant, stake, tree and also pillar.
h. Index kemerataan of type.
According to Pielou ( 1966) in Bratawinata ( 1998) index of kemerataan ( [is] e) needed to to determine do individuals of terditribusi morely flatten [at] types which attend at one particular growth storey;level. Make an index to kemerataan of superordinate from a[n storey;level growth of its distribution menunjukan [of] individuals to types to more flatten.
tropical rain forest uses and abuses
Society coefficient or community coefficient.
Effect of reality of adjustment of environment [is] form of a[n [is] same species group or association which occupy community. If have been got [by] data and boldness from some is strightened [of] forest which there are in a[n area [is] later;then [done/conducted] [by] comparison each;every two strightened and for that comparison [is] used [by] community-coefisien / society coefficient ( Erna,2002).
Soerianegara and of Indrawan ( 2002) having a notion that society coefficient or coefficient equality of index or community equality of type of menunjukan mount equality of type composition from 2 ( compared to example [of] dua). As for society coefficient value range from 0-100% becoming to more and more near by 100% two strightened the compared to [is] more and moreing at the same time, more and more near by 0 % more and moreing is different.
Effect of reality of adjustment of environment [is] form of a[n [is] same species group or association which occupy community. If have been got [by] data and boldness from some is strightened [of] forest which there are in a[n area [is] later;then [done/conducted] [by] comparison each;every two strightened and for that comparison [is] used [by] community-coefisien / society coefficient ( Erna,2002).
Soerianegara and of Indrawan ( 2002) having a notion that society coefficient or coefficient equality of index or community equality of type of menunjukan mount equality of type composition from 2 ( compared to example [of] dua). As for society coefficient value range from 0-100% becoming to more and more near by 100% two strightened the compared to [is] more and moreing at the same time, more and more near by 0 % more and moreing is different.
tropical rain forest dicovery
Wide [of] breast high elementary area ( Lbd) [is] result of measurement of diameter of vegetasi pillar and tree [at] height 1,3 m of surface of land;ground [is] later;then packed into formula of Lbd ? d² where ? [is] equal to 3,1416 and d [is] tree diameter.
e. Important Index Value ( Importance Value Index) [is] the amount of from closeness relative, elementary area relative and frequency relative, assess maximum from INP [is] 300% ( Curtis and of Mc Intose, 1951; Soerianegara and of Indrawan, 2002).
Arief ( 1994) in Fitriani ( 2006) telling, if there [is] species having highest NP, that show species having the plant society in place. This matter also to determine form of komonitas existing.
e. Important Index Value ( Importance Value Index) [is] the amount of from closeness relative, elementary area relative and frequency relative, assess maximum from INP [is] 300% ( Curtis and of Mc Intose, 1951; Soerianegara and of Indrawan, 2002).
Arief ( 1994) in Fitriani ( 2006) telling, if there [is] species having highest NP, that show species having the plant society in place. This matter also to determine form of komonitas existing.
tropical rain forest butterflies
Dominansi a[n type to other types in strightened can be expressed pursuant to besaran-besaran following :
1). To the number of closeness and individual ( density).
2). [Gratuity/ %] of closing of coronet ( cover persertage), such [of] closing of coronet that is wide [of] coronet projection [at] forest floor can be used with direct interpretation without appliance, however using skill and membership and also experience in interpretation how much/many [gratuity/ %] of coronet broadness every certain type close land;ground ( Bratawinata,1998).
1). To the number of closeness and individual ( density).
2). [Gratuity/ %] of closing of coronet ( cover persertage), such [of] closing of coronet that is wide [of] coronet projection [at] forest floor can be used with direct interpretation without appliance, however using skill and membership and also experience in interpretation how much/many [gratuity/ %] of coronet broadness every certain type close land;ground ( Bratawinata,1998).
tropical rain forests snake
Strightened Perisalahan.
Soerianegara and of Indrawan ( 2002) expressing that strightened perisalahan cover :
a. To the number of ( closeness and abudance) ( density)
Individual Banyaknya/jumlah from a[n other flora and birch can be appraised or [counted/calculated]. If to the number of individual expressed [by] wide [of] association, like to the number of ( bilangan) per Ha, hence that value [is] referred [as] [by] closeness ( density). To determine important value a[n type to other type in strightened [is] very often needed [by] closeness value relative that is percentage of[is amount of individual from a[n existing type.
b. Frequency.
Frekuesi that is comparison to the number of check which loaded by a[n type to amount of terracing entirely, what [is] usually expressed in [gratuity/ %].
c. Dominansi.
Soerianegara and of Indrawan ( 2002) expressing that strightened perisalahan cover :
a. To the number of ( closeness and abudance) ( density)
Individual Banyaknya/jumlah from a[n other flora and birch can be appraised or [counted/calculated]. If to the number of individual expressed [by] wide [of] association, like to the number of ( bilangan) per Ha, hence that value [is] referred [as] [by] closeness ( density). To determine important value a[n type to other type in strightened [is] very often needed [by] closeness value relative that is percentage of[is amount of individual from a[n existing type.
b. Frequency.
Frekuesi that is comparison to the number of check which loaded by a[n type to amount of terracing entirely, what [is] usually expressed in [gratuity/ %].
c. Dominansi.
precipitation charts for the tropical rain forest
In executing a[n analysis of vegetasi, some method making of used plot for example:
a. Way of double check [done/conducted] by using many check follow the example of laid at spread over to flatten, better systematically. Inveterate in Indonesia used [by] check 0,1 ha for tree, 0,01 ha for the bush of stake and and 0,001 for flora under or seedling ( Soerianegara and of Indrawan, 2002).
b. Way of band ( transek) used to study a[n wide [of] forest group and not yet been known [by] previous situation. According to Boon and of Tideman ( 1950) in Soerianegara and of Indrawan, ( 2002) [is] in Indonesia used [by] bands which [is] width 10 or 20 m, with distance [among/between] 200-1000 m depend on intensity desired. Better for the group of forest which [is] broadness 10.000 ha or more weared [by] intensity 2% and forest which [is] broadness 1000 ha or less used [by] [is] intensity 10%. To facilitate strightened perisalahan and measurement of tree, wide band 10 m divided to become terracing of fairish continyu 10 x m 10 m while for band which [is] width 20 m divided to become terracing of fairish kontinyu 20 x m 20 m ( 0,1 ha).
c. Way of line have check [to] represent double check modification or way of band. Way of line have this check [to] happened by way of skipping one or is deeper [of] band. For the perception of tree and pillar [done/conducted] by band and for the seedling of and of sapling by line have check ( Soerianegara and of Indrawan, 2002).
a. Way of double check [done/conducted] by using many check follow the example of laid at spread over to flatten, better systematically. Inveterate in Indonesia used [by] check 0,1 ha for tree, 0,01 ha for the bush of stake and and 0,001 for flora under or seedling ( Soerianegara and of Indrawan, 2002).
b. Way of band ( transek) used to study a[n wide [of] forest group and not yet been known [by] previous situation. According to Boon and of Tideman ( 1950) in Soerianegara and of Indrawan, ( 2002) [is] in Indonesia used [by] bands which [is] width 10 or 20 m, with distance [among/between] 200-1000 m depend on intensity desired. Better for the group of forest which [is] broadness 10.000 ha or more weared [by] intensity 2% and forest which [is] broadness 1000 ha or less used [by] [is] intensity 10%. To facilitate strightened perisalahan and measurement of tree, wide band 10 m divided to become terracing of fairish continyu 10 x m 10 m while for band which [is] width 20 m divided to become terracing of fairish kontinyu 20 x m 20 m ( 0,1 ha).
c. Way of line have check [to] represent double check modification or way of band. Way of line have this check [to] happened by way of skipping one or is deeper [of] band. For the perception of tree and pillar [done/conducted] by band and for the seedling of and of sapling by line have check ( Soerianegara and of Indrawan, 2002).
madagascar tropical rain forests
Composition represent flora society formation in a[n forest community or percentage a[n type and individual to other type in a[n flora society. Type composition require to study to know value of compiler birchs a[n strightened upon which consideration need or its[his] [do] not a[n defended strightened. ( Istomo, 1933; Fauzi, 1996 in Soerianegara and of Indrawan, 2002).
Danserau ( 1957) in Bratawinata ( 1998) expressing that such with structure [is] a[n arrangement of room by tree individual which is on finally form strightenedly is. Furthermore [of] Kershaw ( 1973) in Bratawinata ( 1998) expressing that structure consist of 3 ( composition tiga) that is :
a. Vertical structure : High Example [of] [of] tree coronet coat and tree or is strightened.
b. structure of Horizontal : Spreading of types and spreading of tree.
c. Quantitative structure : Amount ( many or a few/little) type in community.
Danserau ( 1957) in Bratawinata ( 1998) expressing that such with structure [is] a[n arrangement of room by tree individual which is on finally form strightenedly is. Furthermore [of] Kershaw ( 1973) in Bratawinata ( 1998) expressing that structure consist of 3 ( composition tiga) that is :
a. Vertical structure : High Example [of] [of] tree coronet coat and tree or is strightened.
b. structure of Horizontal : Spreading of types and spreading of tree.
c. Quantitative structure : Amount ( many or a few/little) type in community.
food web + tropical rain forest
[Do] not all forest have third the tree strata above. Becoming, there [is] forests which only owning strata of A-B or just strata of A-C. important also [is] role of liana ( flora climb to have) wood able to represent the part of forest coronet.
B. Analyse Vegetasi.
1. Definition.
Analysis of Vegetasi [is] the way of studying formation ( type composition) and form ( vegetasi struktur) or flora society in forest ecology set of which investigate [is] a[n is strightened, which represent association of konkrit ( Soerianegara and of Indrawan, 2002).
While Bratawinata ( 1998), giving definition analyse vegetasi as activity of forest brochure utilized to analyse how composition, structure, strightened potency, ecology and usefulness of vegetasi in forest.
B. Analyse Vegetasi.
1. Definition.
Analysis of Vegetasi [is] the way of studying formation ( type composition) and form ( vegetasi struktur) or flora society in forest ecology set of which investigate [is] a[n is strightened, which represent association of konkrit ( Soerianegara and of Indrawan, 2002).
While Bratawinata ( 1998), giving definition analyse vegetasi as activity of forest brochure utilized to analyse how composition, structure, strightened potency, ecology and usefulness of vegetasi in forest.
endangered animal in the tropical rain forest
High boundarys [of] that tree strata will differ in the situation place grow and different forest composition. Richards ( 1952) in Bratawinata ( 2001) which have investigated rain forests [in] Guyana, Nigeria and of Kalimantan upstate, please express that in mixture rain forest ( rainforest mixed) high [of] mean of stratum A can vary [among/between] 30-42 m, B stratum [among/between] 18-27 C stratum m,dan [among/between] 8-14 m.
[Among/Between] A stratum and of stratum its clear B difference because there are vertical coronet diskontinuitas, but [among/between] B stratum and of C usually less clear, can only be differentiated pursuant to high and its tree form.
Beside third that tree strata there are also strata of perdu-semak ground cover flora and, that is:
Stratum D : Coat Clump and bush which [is] height 1-4 m.
Stratum E : Coat Flora ground cover ( ground cover, height 0-1 m).
[Among/Between] A stratum and of stratum its clear B difference because there are vertical coronet diskontinuitas, but [among/between] B stratum and of C usually less clear, can only be differentiated pursuant to high and its tree form.
Beside third that tree strata there are also strata of perdu-semak ground cover flora and, that is:
Stratum D : Coat Clump and bush which [is] height 1-4 m.
Stratum E : Coat Flora ground cover ( ground cover, height 0-1 m).
ants and fungi in the tropical rain forest
In forest society as effect of emulation of certain types more dominant from [at] is other. High trees and stratum ( lapisan) to the defeating or mastering lower trees represent birchs which distinguishing pertinent forest society. For example, rain forest ( forest rain) [in] Wai Kambas ( Lampung) predominated by types of Shorea Leprosula and of S.Ovalis. Both types of that not merely there are [at] A stratum ( teratas) but its biggest wood volume even also ( Soerianegara. 1967).
According to Soerianegara ( 1967) coronet stratification in rain forest for example as follows:
Stratum A : Coat to the consisting of total elm [of] him 30 keatas m. Usually its coronet is not interdependent, diametrical and high tree bar. Birchs of this stratum when is young [of] him that is [at] storey;level plant till sapihan need wings of in a fashion, but for growth hereinafter need light which quite a lot.
Stratum B : Consist of its elms 20-30 m. its interdependent coronet in general, tree bar usually branching many and free bar [of] its branch [do] not too high. Birchs of this [is] stratum less is needing [of] light or hold up will wings of is ( lenient).
Stratum C : Consist of its elms 4-20 m. its interdependent coronet. Trees in this stratum lower and small and also branching many.
According to Soerianegara ( 1967) coronet stratification in rain forest for example as follows:
Stratum A : Coat to the consisting of total elm [of] him 30 keatas m. Usually its coronet is not interdependent, diametrical and high tree bar. Birchs of this stratum when is young [of] him that is [at] storey;level plant till sapihan need wings of in a fashion, but for growth hereinafter need light which quite a lot.
Stratum B : Consist of its elms 20-30 m. its interdependent coronet in general, tree bar usually branching many and free bar [of] its branch [do] not too high. Birchs of this [is] stratum less is needing [of] light or hold up will wings of is ( lenient).
Stratum C : Consist of its elms 4-20 m. its interdependent coronet. Trees in this stratum lower and small and also branching many.
animals in a tropical rain forest
steps of Suksesi.
a. The happening of trouble [at] forest society which have there [is] stable society goodness and also still [at] forest of sekunder.
b. The happening of rumpang resulting the happening of make-up of light intensity from [at] previously.
c. Regenerasi [at] forest floor, especially pionir vegetasi which [is] its life need full (of) light, can tree anakan, bush, or bush of liana.
d. plant of Pionir which grow [at] forest floor, grow closely will experience of emulation of goodness in the case of emulation get light and also take element of hara motion room and.
e. selection of Vegetasi, where its winner will survive, later;then will experience of adaptation.
f. At the same time the growing of pionir, hence catching up vegetasi regenerasi of original types ( type of vegetasi primary forest).
g. Growth [at] types of vegetasi primary more and more bigly, and will happened emulation with type of pionir. If primary type grow fertile and leafy, high and can close pionir vegetasi, hence plant of pionir will become to depress and can result death.
h. Strightened stability, last growth [is] strightened stability.
a. The happening of trouble [at] forest society which have there [is] stable society goodness and also still [at] forest of sekunder.
b. The happening of rumpang resulting the happening of make-up of light intensity from [at] previously.
c. Regenerasi [at] forest floor, especially pionir vegetasi which [is] its life need full (of) light, can tree anakan, bush, or bush of liana.
d. plant of Pionir which grow [at] forest floor, grow closely will experience of emulation of goodness in the case of emulation get light and also take element of hara motion room and.
e. selection of Vegetasi, where its winner will survive, later;then will experience of adaptation.
f. At the same time the growing of pionir, hence catching up vegetasi regenerasi of original types ( type of vegetasi primary forest).
g. Growth [at] types of vegetasi primary more and more bigly, and will happened emulation with type of pionir. If primary type grow fertile and leafy, high and can close pionir vegetasi, hence plant of pionir will become to depress and can result death.
h. Strightened stability, last growth [is] strightened stability.
about tropical rain forests
types of Suksesi.
Pursuant to provenance the happening of suksesi, hence can be divided to become 2 ( type dua), that is Suksesi Primary and of Suksesi Sekunder.
a. Primary Suksesi ( prisere). Primary Suksesi happened [at] places which is just formed, for example ash of vulkanik which not yet been influenced any biotik ( Naughton and of Wolf, 1978) in Fitriani ( 2006 is). Furthermore, Soerianegara and of Indrawan ( 2002) telling primary suksesi [is] growth of vegetasi start from habitat which [do] not bervegetasi till reach stable society or climax.
b. Sekunder Suksesi ( subsere). This Suksesi that happened if or climax of suksesi normal annoyed or destroy, for example by [fire/burning], farm, hewing, other damages and pasturing. If tropical rain forest experience of damages by human being or nature ( hewing or farm) hence sekunder suksesi that happened [is] usually started with vegetasi grass and bush. If situation of [his/its] land;ground not many experiencing of erosion, hence after 15-20 year will happened forest of sekunder young, and after 50 year will happened forest of sekunder in driblets old will reach climax. But a lot of damages that happened [is] to weight, situation of water and land;ground annoyed once, so that climax which as long as not [is] possible reached again, hence formed [by] what is called of disklimaks, ( Soerianegara and of Indrawan, 2002).
Pursuant to provenance the happening of suksesi, hence can be divided to become 2 ( type dua), that is Suksesi Primary and of Suksesi Sekunder.
a. Primary Suksesi ( prisere). Primary Suksesi happened [at] places which is just formed, for example ash of vulkanik which not yet been influenced any biotik ( Naughton and of Wolf, 1978) in Fitriani ( 2006 is). Furthermore, Soerianegara and of Indrawan ( 2002) telling primary suksesi [is] growth of vegetasi start from habitat which [do] not bervegetasi till reach stable society or climax.
b. Sekunder Suksesi ( subsere). This Suksesi that happened if or climax of suksesi normal annoyed or destroy, for example by [fire/burning], farm, hewing, other damages and pasturing. If tropical rain forest experience of damages by human being or nature ( hewing or farm) hence sekunder suksesi that happened [is] usually started with vegetasi grass and bush. If situation of [his/its] land;ground not many experiencing of erosion, hence after 15-20 year will happened forest of sekunder young, and after 50 year will happened forest of sekunder in driblets old will reach climax. But a lot of damages that happened [is] to weight, situation of water and land;ground annoyed once, so that climax which as long as not [is] possible reached again, hence formed [by] what is called of disklimaks, ( Soerianegara and of Indrawan, 2002).
types of bacteria in the tropical rain forest
According to Soerianegara and of Indrawan ( 2002), to comprehend process of suksesi, hence require to comprehend [by] important boundaries as follows:
a. Seedling ( Young Semai) start sprout until as high as < 1,5 bush and metre consist of small flora have wood [to] or [do] not have wood, including rumput-rumputan.
b. Sapling ( sapihan, stake) young which [is] height > 1,5 metre with diameter < 10 dbh cm and bush [is] plant have wood [to] in the form of small tree which [is] height ? 7 metre have flowered and bear fruit.
c. Young trees or pillar storey;level [is] which [is] have diameter (?) 10-20 cm.
d. Adult tree which [is] have diameter (?) more than 20 cm.
a. Seedling ( Young Semai) start sprout until as high as < 1,5 bush and metre consist of small flora have wood [to] or [do] not have wood, including rumput-rumputan.
b. Sapling ( sapihan, stake) young which [is] height > 1,5 metre with diameter < 10 dbh cm and bush [is] plant have wood [to] in the form of small tree which [is] height ? 7 metre have flowered and bear fruit.
c. Young trees or pillar storey;level [is] which [is] have diameter (?) 10-20 cm.
d. Adult tree which [is] have diameter (?) more than 20 cm.
tropical rain forest areas
Furthermore [of] Noughton ( 1978) in Fitriani ( 2006) having a notion that direct change in community composition and association of biologis and also the nature of referred [as] [by] environmental ekosistem [of] suksesi. While Resosoedarmo dkk ( 1989) in Fitriani ( 2006) expressing that suksesi [is] the change in community that goes on [go] to kesatu instruct regularly. During suksesi take place [is] till reached [by] dynamic balance or stabilitasi with environment, happened commutations of flora society [is] till formed [by] society of vegetasi climax, good that that happened [at] primary suksesi and also of suksesi sekunder.
what type of human activity take place in the tropical rain forest
According to Soerianegara and of Indrawan ( 2002), a[n forest society [is] a group of flora mastered [by] tree occupying a[n place grow or habitat, where there are interrelationship [among/between] that flora one another and with its environment.
what producers are in the tropical rain forest
Pursuant to is chronological [of] him of Areal HPH of[is ex Gruti III cover luasan 38.000 ha, which located in District Of Letaah Las Wehea Sub-Province of Kutai East. Activity of company discontinued in the year 1993 with especial reason [of] bad management management, besides the area economical have improper again to be laboured [by] because commercial types potency have very is decreasing. [In] area some part (it) is true still there are potential commercial potency but reside in [at] steep ramp so that technically, activity of cropping difficult to be executed. In the year 1995, government recommend to be formed [by] company of idol [among/between] PT. Inhutani II and of PT. Gruti. Company of the idol one of them manage areal of[is Ex HPH Gruti III later on in the year 2001 formed [by] PT. Great Dwiloka Hutani ( PT.LDR) to managing [him/ it]. Chronological in general area and [his/its] management can be seen [by] [at] Tables 1 hereunder.
tropical rain forest soil
Considering several things above hence The Nature Conservancy ( TNC) take initiative to perform [a] research of important habitat [of] orangutan either through self-supporting and also by kolaboratif entangling Faculty Forestry of Unmul, BKSDA Kalimantan East, On Duty Forestry of Kalimantan East and also On Duty Forestry of Kutai East yielding a[n conclusion that require to [by] efforts saving of important habitat [of] orangutan without neglecting importance of and national of regional in order to effort maintain perfection of area by considering ecology aspect, economic aspect and social aspect. Proposal stipulating of most conducive area status [pass/through] management system with [is] to [pass/through] proposing of area of[is Ex HPH Gruti III for the width of 38.000 ha as Area Protected Forest of Wehea “ Long Skung Metgueen”. Name of Wehea taken away from [by] result of big custom meeting [of] Wahau se-kecamatan, Kombeng and of Telen, giving the name of the area with Letaah Las Wehea “ Long Skung Metgueen” meaning Area Protected Forest of Wehea residing in among River of Skung and River of Metgueen. Proposal management of protected forest area expected in its exploiting [do] not only orienting to just conservation aspect but also to long-range social and economic aspect for the sake of vinicity society, good [of] Sub-Province scope of Kutai East and also Province of Kalimantan East and also importance of National and also is International.
tropical rain forest in costa rica
Pursuant to result of sighting [in] field [at] area of[is Ex HPH Gruti III in general the condition of its forest still good but the condition of steep topography in general up to very steep. Pursuant to result identify potency of biodiversity orangutan by using band system and of transek counted 7 band of midline survey or as long as 26 kilometre have been met [by] counted 606 den of orangutan. the Population denseness can be assumed from two viewpoint that is first assumption that the area (it) is true have energy support as original habitat [of] orangutan, [both/ second] assumption caused by habitat fragmentasi of orangutan of forest area around him effect of area [in] around have destroyed. Other side [at] the area also there are some other important animal which in this time reside in [at] protection status nationally and also is international. See such condition hence protection to area of[is Ex HPH Gruti III having high conservation value very is needed.
characteristics of the tropical rain forest
Special for the area of Eks-Hph [in] Kaltim in general in this time in a state of damage effect of existence of perambahan of forest, forest fire and also of ketidak organizer mampuan in security and also protection of area. The condition here and now happened [in] areal of[is Ex HPH PT.GRUTI III which in activity of its management have [there] no aktifitas again even the areal tend to to be left so that very gristle to activity of logging illegal, perambahan of other trouble and also forest. Though, pursuant to result of research of Faculty Forestry of Unmul and also TNC obtained [by] conclusion that area [of] menyimpan properties of tropical forest biodiversity [of] flora goodness and also valuable fauna which [is] very.
animals from the tropical rain forest
Sub-Province of Kutai East ( Kutim) formed published of [Code/Law] ( UU) No. 47 year 1999 about Regional Pemekaran. the Pemekaran Sub-Province represent respon in order to efficiency and efektifitas execution of administration kewenangan, political, and fiscal enter autonomous era [of] area ( as according to UU No. 22 / 1999). Team, covering administrative territory for the width of 3.574.700 hectare, owning forest area for the width of 2.784.024ha ( or [about/around] 80% wide [of] its region). As sub-province which is just is formed, challenge in development [is] the make-up of efficiency and efektifitas management of natural sumberdaya ( SDA) especially forest sumberdaya. More than anything else, as region of Kaltim other, potency of amount facet and quality of sumberdaya the forest continue downhill progressively from year to year. Some company of wood ( Right Owner Of Enterpasing of Forest / hph) even have hanged up ax, including among others PT. Gruti III. Condition of expanding this, it is of course [do] not kondusif to Governmental effort [of] Sub-Province ( Pemkab) Team develop;build economics of area, but at the same time represent challenge utilize cure and even improve benefit / forest function, especially forest areal-areal produce the ex HPH.
about tropical rain forest in africa
province of Kalimantan East have forest area pursuant to its function for the width of 19.518.186ha. From broadness, for the width of 9.734,653ha among others represent natural forest with function produce and for the width of 4.916.900ha or equal to 25% among others represent forest area with conservation function ( Anonim, 2001). In this time most of forest area produce its condition very concerning effect of activity of small scale and also big scale good wood exploitation. Condition of [is] same also happened many [at] some conservation area where its condition very concerning effect of existence of various trouble continuity of area function [pass/through] mutilation because logging illegal, perambahan of forest by area conversion become economics activity place and also natural disaster effect [pass/through] forest fire. Condition of forest aktual like this met almost flatten in all sub-province / town [in] Kaltim. Some the trouble affect signifikan to loss of the source of science, degradation of variety potency involve, loss of the source of plasma of nutfah, change of cultural value, and also fast improvement [of] sedimentation and erosion which in general cause degradation of environmental quality. The condition also in this time happened [at] some forest group [in] Sub-Province of Kutai East.
wildlife in tropical rain forests
anagement proposal [at] area of[is Ex HPH Gruti III as protected forest area can give the following benefit:
1. Grow trust to Government Of Province of Kalimantan East and also Government of Indonesia in the effort protection of valuable forest area [of] high conservation [in] Kalimantan East;
2. Through system management of area with model management of kolaboratif expected [do] not only giving benefit [at] just conservation aspect but also give social benefit in long-range in perpective in enableness and improvement of economics to organizer of area and also society around him;
3. Giving benefit to Faculty Forestry of Unmul and also other higher education institute as research forest location and development and also training and education in order to make-up of SDM [in] forestry area and environment;
4. Giving ecology benefit as protector and prop of stability of[is condition of hydro-orologis specially Sub-Das Seleq, Melinyiu and also Sub of DAS Sekong representing part of River pate;upstream of Wahau as one of [the] important DAS [in] Sub-Province region of Kutai East;
1. Grow trust to Government Of Province of Kalimantan East and also Government of Indonesia in the effort protection of valuable forest area [of] high conservation [in] Kalimantan East;
2. Through system management of area with model management of kolaboratif expected [do] not only giving benefit [at] just conservation aspect but also give social benefit in long-range in perpective in enableness and improvement of economics to organizer of area and also society around him;
3. Giving benefit to Faculty Forestry of Unmul and also other higher education institute as research forest location and development and also training and education in order to make-up of SDM [in] forestry area and environment;
4. Giving ecology benefit as protector and prop of stability of[is condition of hydro-orologis specially Sub-Das Seleq, Melinyiu and also Sub of DAS Sekong representing part of River pate;upstream of Wahau as one of [the] important DAS [in] Sub-Province region of Kutai East;
where is the tropical rain forest located
Management of area of[is Ex HPH PT. Gruti III as Protected Forest of Wehea [is] all daya-upaya including planning aspect, organizational, execution of activity, and also observation aspect and operation, in order to is optimal [of] function and development of forest area benefit produce fixed take care of its continuity. Referring to Faculty Forestry [the] mentioned of UNMUL, Governmental [of] Sub-Province of Kutai East and also The Nature Conservancy try to compile alternative management of Protected Forest area of Wehea with a purpose to as follows :
1. [Doing/Conducting] activity of saving and protection of variety involve and its its[his] in area of[is Ex HPH Gruti III [pass/through] protection of habitat of orangutan fixed consider ecology aspect, social and economic;
2. [Doing/Conducting] activity of development and research and also training and education to development of science and also human being sumberdaya [in] forestry area especially and environmental in general;
3. [Doing/Conducting] management of area [pass/through] a[n formed executor body by kolaboratif able to support academic activity and also importance of government of vinicity society and sub-province by striving various management alternative and exploiting of area [pass/through] system of zonasi as according to owned characteristic and potency [it].
1. [Doing/Conducting] activity of saving and protection of variety involve and its its[his] in area of[is Ex HPH Gruti III [pass/through] protection of habitat of orangutan fixed consider ecology aspect, social and economic;
2. [Doing/Conducting] activity of development and research and also training and education to development of science and also human being sumberdaya [in] forestry area especially and environmental in general;
3. [Doing/Conducting] management of area [pass/through] a[n formed executor body by kolaboratif able to support academic activity and also importance of government of vinicity society and sub-province by striving various management alternative and exploiting of area [pass/through] system of zonasi as according to owned characteristic and potency [it].
what is happening about logging in the tropical rain forest
Boldness : Embraced from various support letter and also letter of recommendation and also notulensi from some result of meeting with various [party/ side] multi.
Pursuant to brief description as there are [at] Tables 2 above earning seen that process proposing of protection of forest area as habitat of[is necessary for Orangutan [in] Kalimantan East, one of [the] among others peculiarly reside in areal of[is ex HPH PT. Gruti III as protected forest area of Wehea have passed various form of soialisai in order to searching input and also support from some [party/ side] [in] Kalimantan East. most valuable Input from some the [party/ side] for example hitting form of menajemen management, desain exploiting of area, plan financing, consideration of aspect punish proposing of area and also matter babarapa which [is] protection manyngkut and security of area in general. The input will [in] debate [at] part of III about desain management of protected forest area of Wehea.
D. the Target of Management of Area.
Pursuant to brief description as there are [at] Tables 2 above earning seen that process proposing of protection of forest area as habitat of[is necessary for Orangutan [in] Kalimantan East, one of [the] among others peculiarly reside in areal of[is ex HPH PT. Gruti III as protected forest area of Wehea have passed various form of soialisai in order to searching input and also support from some [party/ side] [in] Kalimantan East. most valuable Input from some the [party/ side] for example hitting form of menajemen management, desain exploiting of area, plan financing, consideration of aspect punish proposing of area and also matter babarapa which [is] protection manyngkut and security of area in general. The input will [in] debate [at] part of III about desain management of protected forest area of Wehea.
D. the Target of Management of Area.
tropical rain forest ecosystem
Minutes Of Result Of Sighting Of Inwrought Field Team [of] Government Of Province of Kalimantan East of[is 6-9 April 2004 Expressing that [in] areal of[is Ex HPH PT. Gruti III have nothing like management aktifitas [done/conducted] by company. Because condition of its forest still intact relative hence protection effort to area as habitat of orangutan very needed the. The area also function as supporter of function of hidro-orologis River of Sikung and also River of Seleq as river pate;upstream of Wahau [in] Sub-Province of Kutai East Formula Result of Meeting [in] Departmen Forestry led by Director Construct Production Forestry on 17Maret 2004 Proposal of KHDTK can be acted [by] lanjuti [pass/through] proposal proposal to Menhut by Faculty Forestry of Unmul. Need there [is] clarity of institute in charge of in managing and also the source of its financing.
Technical Advise [of] Head On Duty Forestry of Kalimantan East of No. 522.21/927/DK-/IX/2004 30 March 2004 Directing of[is Ex Areal HPH PT. Gruti III as special management area With A Purpose To ( KHDTK) Letter Of Recommendation Governor of Kalimantan East of No. 521/2315/Proda.2.1/EK 15 April 2004 Proposal [so that/ to be] Eks-Hph PT areal. Gruti III input [do] not into HPH areal to [in] auction. Proposal [so that/ to be] the areal can be managed as area of KHDTK which [is] later managed by a[n organizer body.
Technical Advise [of] Head On Duty Forestry of Kalimantan East of No. 522.21/927/DK-/IX/2004 30 March 2004 Directing of[is Ex Areal HPH PT. Gruti III as special management area With A Purpose To ( KHDTK) Letter Of Recommendation Governor of Kalimantan East of No. 521/2315/Proda.2.1/EK 15 April 2004 Proposal [so that/ to be] Eks-Hph PT areal. Gruti III input [do] not into HPH areal to [in] auction. Proposal [so that/ to be] the areal can be managed as area of KHDTK which [is] later managed by a[n organizer body.
food chain of the tropical rain forest
Support letter of Faculty Forestry of UNMUL No. 204/j17.1.24/PG/2004 30 January 2004 Supporting area of EKS-HPH GRUTI III for the habitat of orangutan and also for the activity of research and pendidikaan of Letter support Lead Hall Research Of Forestry of Kalimantan ( BPK) No. 130/VIII/BP2KK/2004 Raising area of EKS-HPH GRUTI III as area of KHDTK for the purpose of research, habitat and conservation of orangutan Formula Result Of Presentation “ Legal Aspect [of] Plan Protection of Orangutan [in] District of Kombeng” 12 januari 2004 Agreement to propose forest area of Eks-Hph Gruti III to area having high conservation value, henceforth [in] small team form from various [party/ side] multi to act lanjuti result of meeting.
Formula result of presentation “ Pra-Usulan Management Of Area of[is Ex HPH PT. Gruti III as special Area Forest With A Purpose To” Public Service Province of Kalimantan East of[is 27 February 2004 Government Of Province of Kalimantan East can support the the proposal with note will be degraded [by] inwrought team of governmental element [of] province of Kalimantan East.
Formula result of presentation “ Pra-Usulan Management Of Area of[is Ex HPH PT. Gruti III as special Area Forest With A Purpose To” Public Service Province of Kalimantan East of[is 27 February 2004 Government Of Province of Kalimantan East can support the the proposal with note will be degraded [by] inwrought team of governmental element [of] province of Kalimantan East.
where the tropical rain forest
Process protection of habitat of Orangutan [in] area of[is Ex HPH Gruti III, as area with high conservation value [pass/through] some step. For example passing socialization step from various result of research and also dig various suggestion and input of the parties [in] Kalimantan East. In its growth emerge various support either through formal and also decanted nonformal [pass/through] some formula result of meeting and also various support letter form of [party/ side] multi [in] Storey;Level Sub-Province of Kutai East and also Storey;Level Province of Kalimantan East as seen [at] Tables 2 hereunder.
Tables 2. Some types Support in the effort protection of habitat of Orangutan [in] Kaltim and also [in] area of[is Ex HPH Gruti III as proposed area become KHDTK Letaah Las Wehea.
Letter of Dukungan/Rekomendasi Isi/Substansi.
Tables 2. Some types Support in the effort protection of habitat of Orangutan [in] Kaltim and also [in] area of[is Ex HPH Gruti III as proposed area become KHDTK Letaah Las Wehea.
Letter of Dukungan/Rekomendasi Isi/Substansi.
tropical rain forests in north america
Considering several things above hence The Nature Conservancy ( TNC) take initiative to perform [a] research of important habitat [of] orangutan either through self-supporting and also by kolaboratif entangling Faculty Forestry of Unmul, BKSDA Kalimantan East, On Duty Forestry of Kalimantan East and also On Duty Forestry of Kutai East yielding a[n conclusion that require to [by] efforts saving of important habitat [of] orangutan without neglecting importance of and national of regional in order to effort maintain perfection of area by considering ecology aspect, economic aspect and social aspect. Proposal stipulating of most conducive area status [pass/through] management system with [is] to [pass/through] proposing of area of[is Ex HPH Gruti III for the width of 38.000 ha as Area Protected Forest of Wehea “ Long Skung Metgueen”. Name of Wehea taken away from [by] result of big custom meeting [of] Wahau se-kecamatan, Kombeng and of Telen, giving the name of the area with Letaah Las Wehea “ Long Skung Metgueen” meaning Area Protected Forest of Wehea residing in among River of Skung and River of Metgueen. Proposal management of protected forest area expected in its exploiting [do] not only orienting to just conservation aspect but also to long-range social and economic aspect for the sake of vinicity society, good [of] Sub-Province scope of Kutai East and also Province of Kalimantan East and also importance of National and also is International.
tropical rain forest climate
Special for the area of Eks-Hph [in] Kaltim in general in this time in a state of damage effect of existence of perambahan of forest, forest fire and also of ketidak organizer mampuan in security and also protection of area. The condition here and now happened [in] areal of[is Ex HPH PT.GRUTI III which in activity of its management have [there] no aktifitas again even the areal tend to to be left so that very gristle to activity of logging illegal, perambahan of other trouble and also forest. Though, pursuant to result of research of Faculty Forestry of Unmul and also TNC obtained [by] conclusion that area [of] menyimpan properties of tropical forest biodiversity [of] flora goodness and also valuable fauna which [is] very.
Pursuant to result of sighting [in] field [at] area of[is Ex HPH Gruti III in general the condition of its forest still good but the condition of steep topography in general up to very steep. Pursuant to result identify potency of biodiversity orangutan by using band system and of transek counted 7 band of midline survey or as long as 26 kilometre have been met [by] counted 606 den of orangutan. the Population denseness can be assumed from two viewpoint that is first assumption that the area (it) is true have energy support as original habitat [of] orangutan, [both/ second] assumption caused by habitat fragmentasi of orangutan of forest area around him effect of area [in] around have destroyed. Other side [at] the area also there are some other important animal which in this time reside in [at] protection status nationally and also is international. See such condition hence protection to area of[is Ex HPH Gruti III having high conservation value very is needed.
Pursuant to result of sighting [in] field [at] area of[is Ex HPH Gruti III in general the condition of its forest still good but the condition of steep topography in general up to very steep. Pursuant to result identify potency of biodiversity orangutan by using band system and of transek counted 7 band of midline survey or as long as 26 kilometre have been met [by] counted 606 den of orangutan. the Population denseness can be assumed from two viewpoint that is first assumption that the area (it) is true have energy support as original habitat [of] orangutan, [both/ second] assumption caused by habitat fragmentasi of orangutan of forest area around him effect of area [in] around have destroyed. Other side [at] the area also there are some other important animal which in this time reside in [at] protection status nationally and also is international. See such condition hence protection to area of[is Ex HPH Gruti III having high conservation value very is needed.
pictures of the tropical rain forest
Sub-Province of Kutai East ( Kutim) formed published of [Code/Law] ( UU) No. 47 year 1999 about Regional Pemekaran. the Pemekaran Sub-Province represent respon in order to efficiency and efektifitas execution of administration kewenangan, political, and fiscal enter autonomous era [of] area ( as according to UU No. 22 / 1999). Team, covering administrative territory for the width of 3.574.700 hectare, owning forest area for the width of 2.784.024ha ( or [about/around] 80% wide [of] its region). As sub-province which is just is formed, challenge in development [is] the make-up of efficiency and efektifitas management of natural sumberdaya ( SDA) especially forest sumberdaya. More than anything else, as region of Kaltim other, potency of amount facet and quality of sumberdaya the forest continue downhill progressively from year to year. Some company of wood ( Right Owner Of Enterpasing of Forest / hph) even have hanged up ax, including among others PT. Gruti III. Condition of expanding this, it is of course [do] not kondusif to Governmental effort [of] Sub-Province ( Pemkab) Team develop;build economics of area, but at the same time represent challenge utilize cure and even improve benefit / forest function, especially forest areal-areal produce the ex HPH.
united states tropical rain forest
province of Kalimantan East have forest area pursuant to its function for the width of 19.518.186ha. From broadness, for the width of 9.734,653ha among others represent natural forest with function produce and for the width of 4.916.900ha or equal to 25% among others represent forest area with conservation function ( Anonim, 2001). In this time most of forest area produce its condition very concerning effect of activity of small scale and also big scale good wood exploitation. Condition of [is] same also happened many [at] some conservation area where its condition very concerning effect of existence of various trouble continuity of area function [pass/through] mutilation because logging illegal, perambahan of forest by area conversion become economics activity place and also natural disaster effect [pass/through] forest fire. Condition of forest aktual like this met almost flatten in all sub-province / town [in] Kaltim. Some the trouble affect signifikan to loss of the source of science, degradation of variety potency involve, loss of the source of plasma of nutfah, change of cultural value, and also fast improvement [of] sedimentation and erosion which in general cause degradation of environmental quality. The condition also in this time happened [at] some forest group [in] Sub-Province of Kutai East.
tropical rain forest attractions
And today I wish to allot bliss of sayaoleh because a pecinta of state bird of Belgia have immortalized two endemic step bird [of] island of enggano which enter red list [of] bird bird protected. Or which [in] knowning as Red List UICN. Its [of] him [is] Filip Verbelen which [is] that photos mempublish [in] 13 february 2009, and this [is] beautiful [by] kado [in] day of valentine for the island of Enggano, so that whole world can recognize two step bird which become properties involve [in] island of Enggano, and of course our, Indonesia.
Owl of Enggano which [in] recognizing by the name of Otus Enganensis photo wholy can [in] seeing in Link and Bird Eyeglasses of Enggano which [in] recognizing by the name of is erudite [of] Salvadorii photo Zosterops wholy can [in] seeing in link. this Photo photo [is] first photo [of] times;rill [in] world have been made and [in] publish officially which [in] taking away from.
Owl of Enggano which [in] recognizing by the name of Otus Enganensis photo wholy can [in] seeing in Link and Bird Eyeglasses of Enggano which [in] recognizing by the name of is erudite [of] Salvadorii photo Zosterops wholy can [in] seeing in link. this Photo photo [is] first photo [of] times;rill [in] world have been made and [in] publish officially which [in] taking away from.
the tropical rain forests animals
Island of Enggano have old also become note [all] zoology and botanist as properties heaven involve world. Many properties of endemic fauna flora typically reside in this island, which will not [in] meeting [in] other world cleft. Of type of kerang,-kerangan eel, orchid, tumbuh-tumbuahan, insect, reptil, amphibious, bird and butterfly.
Have is old [of] my diligent year [of] browsing to internet look for birds photos do step from enggano which [in] publish to erudite journal or website. But that seeking do not produce fruit result. I am only finding article article in the form of memoir in form of text but without photo.
Have is old [of] my diligent year [of] browsing to internet look for birds photos do step from enggano which [in] publish to erudite journal or website. But that seeking do not produce fruit result. I am only finding article article in the form of memoir in form of text but without photo.
tropical rain forest for kids
friend of Nusantara, of land;ground of rejang my wish to inform story of island of Enggano which possible only friend recognize because of Earthquake disaster and of Tsunami which have knock over [it] some years ago. Island which enter province region of Bengkulu this also nowadays experience of losing of culture of [his/its] original tribe tribe that is tribe of Enggano. Do not many litelatur which [is] documentation menyimpan about original tribe tribe history and culture [of] enggano, more than anything else from governmental [party/ side] do not too accurate proaktip and note history and culture.
This isle also in this time experience of ruining of and environment of illegal logging, feeling concerned about. One of [the] properties pearl involve Indonesia staying in threat.
This isle also in this time experience of ruining of and environment of illegal logging, feeling concerned about. One of [the] properties pearl involve Indonesia staying in threat.
the tropical rain forest
[All] writer expect development of global standard which in supporting production of biofuel.
: “ Comparison of fauna and flora of tropical forest with oil crop for biofuel, to showing effect of[is loss of variety involve and damage of environment of this forest conversion. Especial Grup [of] plant which thrive in tropical forest like grove, original plant and orchid [of] other tropical forest will be totally disappeared”, according to Hendrien Beukema, flora expert of University of Groningen Dutch.
: “ existing Forest conservation [do] not only useful to lessen glasshouse effect gas emission, but also have kinds of other benefit like protection of variety involve”, word of Dr. Daniel Murdiyarso of Center Protection of International Forest in Indonesia ( CIFOR). Tropical Forest [of] menyimpan more than semi entire/all species under the sun and forest [in] richest South-East Asia [of] manner of species. Tropical forest also menyimpan 46 [gratuity/ %] of world carbon.
: “ Comparison of fauna and flora of tropical forest with oil crop for biofuel, to showing effect of[is loss of variety involve and damage of environment of this forest conversion. Especial Grup [of] plant which thrive in tropical forest like grove, original plant and orchid [of] other tropical forest will be totally disappeared”, according to Hendrien Beukema, flora expert of University of Groningen Dutch.
: “ existing Forest conservation [do] not only useful to lessen glasshouse effect gas emission, but also have kinds of other benefit like protection of variety involve”, word of Dr. Daniel Murdiyarso of Center Protection of International Forest in Indonesia ( CIFOR). Tropical Forest [of] menyimpan more than semi entire/all species under the sun and forest [in] richest South-East Asia [of] manner of species. Tropical forest also menyimpan 46 [gratuity/ %] of world carbon.
tropical rain forest food web
Majarimagazine ( Dec, 2008 - Researching into to prove that required [by] time 75-93 year to see advantage and [his/its] influence to change to climate if [to] convert tropical forest become farm of biofuel. [Is] even required [by] time 600 year if carbon reservoir [at] [in] type land;ground of peatland which [is] its rich habitat of carbon ( like wood moss of dsb) converted to become farm of biofuel. However if [done/conducted] [by] cultivation of grassland area, the conversion will less carbon emission in 10 year.
: “ Our analysis indicate that to be required [by] time [among/between] 75 until 93 year to see its advantage to change of climate convert happened tropical forest”, word of Finn Danielson of Agensi Nordic For the Development of and Ecology of Denmark ( NORDECO) leading writing of this journal.
: “ Biofuel represent matter endangering to forest, wild animal and itself climate if farm of biofuel replace tropical forest”, coherent [of] proxy writer of Dr. Neil Burgess of World Wildlife Fund. “ Its Fact, [the] mentioned can make worse change of climate because replacing one of [the] carbon repository most important [in] world - Overall of tropical rain forest.”
: “ Our analysis indicate that to be required [by] time [among/between] 75 until 93 year to see its advantage to change of climate convert happened tropical forest”, word of Finn Danielson of Agensi Nordic For the Development of and Ecology of Denmark ( NORDECO) leading writing of this journal.
: “ Biofuel represent matter endangering to forest, wild animal and itself climate if farm of biofuel replace tropical forest”, coherent [of] proxy writer of Dr. Neil Burgess of World Wildlife Fund. “ Its Fact, [the] mentioned can make worse change of climate because replacing one of [the] carbon repository most important [in] world - Overall of tropical rain forest.”
tropical rain forest in australia
Based on last research, 17 billion other ton permeated by earth. Absorbent ocean semi from number, and absorbent the rest by land;ground and grove, but not yet been known [by] where precisely. According to study which we [do/conduct], semi from number, permeated by tropical forest, clear [of] Dr. Lewis.
Result research into [at] Conservation Biology journal find that maintaining tropical rain forest represent better road;street from [at] him [him/ it] become crop farm of biofuel.
Result research into [at] Conservation Biology journal find that maintaining tropical rain forest represent better road;street from [at] him [him/ it] become crop farm of biofuel.
tropical rain forest food chain
From its research [is] also known that grove [in] ever greater tropical forest also, bigger than previous decades, just only is [of] its cause not yet been known. becoming its primary factor [of] big possibility [is] abundant CO2 [of] itself acting as manure to grove.
But depended to the forests not possible (to) forever. Any that happened, we cannot base on absorbtion of carbon by forests. Even we let tropical forests like existence of, grove in it will not continue to grow ever greaterly is, coherent [of] Dr. Lewis.
[Is] in this time known that [done/conducted] [by] activity [is] human being discharge 32 billion ton of CO2 every year, but only 15 ton which constantly within atmosfir and add contribution the happening of change of climate.
But depended to the forests not possible (to) forever. Any that happened, we cannot base on absorbtion of carbon by forests. Even we let tropical forests like existence of, grove in it will not continue to grow ever greaterly is, coherent [of] Dr. Lewis.
[Is] in this time known that [done/conducted] [by] activity [is] human being discharge 32 billion ton of CO2 every year, but only 15 ton which constantly within atmosfir and add contribution the happening of change of climate.
animals of the tropical rain forest
esult of newest data analysis of African, South America and Asia indicate that mean from 250.000 tree of tropical forest which [do] not touch to represent absorber of carbon which many.
Dr. Simon Lewis, researcher of University Leeds of, explaining, We accept subsidy of nature. Tropical forest permeate 18% CO2 coming from combustion of fossil fuel every year. Last for delaying is fast [of] change of climate.
Dr. Simon Lewis, researcher of University Leeds of, explaining, We accept subsidy of nature. Tropical forest permeate 18% CO2 coming from combustion of fossil fuel every year. Last for delaying is fast [of] change of climate.
tropical rain forest plants
Forest produce that is [is] forest able to be managed to yield valuable something that [of] economics. Production forest can be categorized to become two faction namely mob rule and conducting forest. Mob rule [is] natural forest while conducting forest [is] forest which intend to be managed [by] human being which usually consist of one just crop type. laboured [by] mob rule [is] human being have to cut away tree of denga system cut away to select;choose by chosening tree which of age and just size measure [so that/ to be] which still small [do] not follow to destroy.
In journal of Nature edition of Februari 2009, research during 40 [done/conducted] year to tropical forest [of] African, showing [at] some last decade have permeated 0,6 more carbon ton per its year, [is] compared to previously.
In journal of Nature edition of Februari 2009, research during 40 [done/conducted] year to tropical forest [of] African, showing [at] some last decade have permeated 0,6 more carbon ton per its year, [is] compared to previously.
tropical rain forest biome
Season forest [is] forest with high rainfall but have period of long dry season which abort leaf [in] drought scorpion blanket forest.
Despitefully forest divided / to be divided pursuant to its function, that is :
1. Forest of Wisata
forest of Wisata [is] forest taken as natural asylum which addressed to protect flora and also animal / scarce animal in order not to be annihilate / totally disappeared [in] future. prohibited natural Asylum forest to be cut away and bothered to be to be displaced [by] function as opening forest. Usually forest of wisata become people recreation place and research place.
2. Forest Reserve.
Reserve forest represent forest taken as as agriculture farm and settlement of resident. [In] island of jawa there are [about/around] 20 million reserve forest hectare.
3. Protected Forest.
Protected forest [is] functioned forest as custodian of ketaraturan of water in land;ground ( hydrolysis function), taking care of land;ground in order not to happened erosion and also to arrange climate ( function of klimatologis) as penanggulang of pencematan of air like C02 ( dioxide carbon) and C0 ( carbon monoxide). Protected forest very protected against [by] mutilation of foolhardy deforestation which generally there are around coastal lip and bevel.
4. Forest Production / Industrial Forest.
Despitefully forest divided / to be divided pursuant to its function, that is :
1. Forest of Wisata
forest of Wisata [is] forest taken as natural asylum which addressed to protect flora and also animal / scarce animal in order not to be annihilate / totally disappeared [in] future. prohibited natural Asylum forest to be cut away and bothered to be to be displaced [by] function as opening forest. Usually forest of wisata become people recreation place and research place.
2. Forest Reserve.
Reserve forest represent forest taken as as agriculture farm and settlement of resident. [In] island of jawa there are [about/around] 20 million reserve forest hectare.
3. Protected Forest.
Protected forest [is] functioned forest as custodian of ketaraturan of water in land;ground ( hydrolysis function), taking care of land;ground in order not to happened erosion and also to arrange climate ( function of klimatologis) as penanggulang of pencematan of air like C02 ( dioxide carbon) and C0 ( carbon monoxide). Protected forest very protected against [by] mutilation of foolhardy deforestation which generally there are around coastal lip and bevel.
4. Forest Production / Industrial Forest.
tropical rain forests
Following hereunder [is] the division of kinds of / forest types exist in Unity State Republic Of Indonesia accompanied [by] definition meaning and congeniality :
1. Forest Mangrove.
Mangrove forest [is] forest which grow [in] muddy coastal area. Example [of] : coastal [of] east of kalimantan, coastal [of] south of cilacap, etc.
2. Forest of Sabana
forest of Sabana [is] prairie forest with amount of very tree a few/little with low rainfall. Example [of] : Nusa South-East.
3. Forest Bog
Bog forest [is] forest residing in marshy area with plant of nipah grow [in] bog forest. Example [of] : Papua South, Kalimantan, dsb.
4. Tropical Forest Rain.
tropical Rain forest [is] close forest / mob rule of belantara which grow around equator line / ukuator owning to pour to go down very high rain. Type forest which [is] is one this have storey;level of kelembapan high have, fertile land;ground [to], wet and high humus and also difficult to enter by human being. this [is] Forest very taken a fancy to pembalak of wild forest as well as legal pembalak [of] criminal which like to destroy forest and harm trillion state [of] rupiah. Example [of] : forest of kalimantan, forest of sumatera, dsb.
5. Forest Season.
1. Forest Mangrove.
Mangrove forest [is] forest which grow [in] muddy coastal area. Example [of] : coastal [of] east of kalimantan, coastal [of] south of cilacap, etc.
2. Forest of Sabana
forest of Sabana [is] prairie forest with amount of very tree a few/little with low rainfall. Example [of] : Nusa South-East.
3. Forest Bog
Bog forest [is] forest residing in marshy area with plant of nipah grow [in] bog forest. Example [of] : Papua South, Kalimantan, dsb.
4. Tropical Forest Rain.
tropical Rain forest [is] close forest / mob rule of belantara which grow around equator line / ukuator owning to pour to go down very high rain. Type forest which [is] is one this have storey;level of kelembapan high have, fertile land;ground [to], wet and high humus and also difficult to enter by human being. this [is] Forest very taken a fancy to pembalak of wild forest as well as legal pembalak [of] criminal which like to destroy forest and harm trillion state [of] rupiah. Example [of] : forest of kalimantan, forest of sumatera, dsb.
5. Forest Season.
tropical rain forest animals
Condition of this timberland also show separate keunikan. activity of Biologis land;ground more convergent [at] geology of ( soil top). activity of Biologis the [about/around] 80% there are [at] just soil top. The facts indicate that wet tropical forest represent brittle ekosistem ( ecosystem fragile), because each;every component cannot be selfsupporting. Beside that met also other phenomenon that is existence of high manner between its good forest group or location it[him] and also place of[is growing of ( Marsono, 1991).
Macam/Jenis Forest In Indonesia And Function Forest For Life On Earth Indonesia [is] one of [the] state owning wide [of] forest [in] world. Wide [of] [of] the forest first reach 113 million hectare and continue to decrease drastic effect of stupidity of governmental oknum and criminal which always starve for money by chopping down and is hairless [of] forest for the shake of getting big advantage without seeing impact to global environment.
Macam/Jenis Forest In Indonesia And Function Forest For Life On Earth Indonesia [is] one of [the] state owning wide [of] forest [in] world. Wide [of] [of] the forest first reach 113 million hectare and continue to decrease drastic effect of stupidity of governmental oknum and criminal which always starve for money by chopping down and is hairless [of] forest for the shake of getting big advantage without seeing impact to global environment.
tropical rain forest
Most natural forest in Indonesia the included in tropical rain forest. Many [all] expert which [is] tropical rain forest mendiskripsi as specific ekosistem, which can only stand up to setle related/relevantly [among/between] its compiler component as intact unity. Related/Relevant [among/between] this compiler component enable certain forest structure form able to give certain function also like economic stability, productivity of biologis high, cycle of hidrologis adequate and others. By de this forest type facto have fertility of very low land;ground, land;ground lapped over by clay particle which [is] negative bermuatan lower like and kaolinite of illite.
Condition of this sour land;ground enable and iron of almunium become active beside its silica rate (it) is true high enough, so that equip keunikan of this forest. But with development of structure which is [is] settled to be formed one of [the] function becoming pledge the core important that is ” cycle of hara closed” ( cycling nutrient closed) and is related/relevant [of] component, so that can overcome various constraint / keunikan of this forest type ( Withmore, 1975).
Condition of this sour land;ground enable and iron of almunium become active beside its silica rate (it) is true high enough, so that equip keunikan of this forest. But with development of structure which is [is] settled to be formed one of [the] function becoming pledge the core important that is ” cycle of hara closed” ( cycling nutrient closed) and is related/relevant [of] component, so that can overcome various constraint / keunikan of this forest type ( Withmore, 1975).
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